Clinical value of monitoring the spiral artery blood flow in patients with early threatened abortion by color Doppler ultrasound

Objective To investigate the clinical value of color Doppler ultrasonography in monitoring the uterine spiral artery blood flow in patients with early threatened abortion. Methods A total of 360 women with threatened abortion in the early 5-8 weeks of pregnancy treated in Taihang Hospital from June 2017 to June 2019 were selected as the study group. And another 100 healthy women with early pregnancy in the same period were selected as control group. All the pregnant women were examined by abdominal color Doppler ultrasound. The index of uterine spiral artery blood flow resistance indexes, including pulsation index, peak systolic velocity and end-diastolic velocity, were measured and compared. Results ①There was no significant difference in comparison on peak systolic velocity between the study group and control group, which was (44.89±2.45)cm/s vs. (44.35±3.18)cm/s (t=1.573, P=0.058). The end-diastolic velocity of the study group was (7.45±1.26)cm/s, lower than the (9.31±1.15)cm/s of the control group, and the resistance index (2.67±0.42) and pulse index (0.91±0.15) were higher than those of the control group (1.75±0.28, 0.72±0.09), t=14.006, 25.775, 15.861, all P<0.01. ②There was no significant difference in peak systolic velocity between successful and unsuccessful foetus protectors, (44.34±3.84)cm/s vs. (44.82±2.65)cm/s, t=0.812, P=0.209. The end-diastolic velocity of successful foetus protectors was (9.06±1.42) cm/s, higher than the (7.06±1.33) cm/s of the unsuccessful foetus protectors, while the resistance index (1.99±0.35) and the pulse index (0.82±0.19) were lower than those of the unsuccessful foetus protectors (2.98±0.41, 0.91±0.13), t=6.947, 11.728, 3.102, all P<0.01. ③There were no statistically significant differences in systolic peak and end-diastolic velocities between the successful foetus survivors in the study group and in the control group (t=0.423, 1.804, P=0.336, 0.056), while the resistance index (1.99±0.35) and pulse index (0.82±0.19) were higher than those in the control group (1.75±0.28, 0.72±0.09), t=7.085, 7.291, both P<0.01. ④The systolic peak velocity of women with miscarriage in the study group was (44.82±2.65)cm/s, which was not significant different from the (44.18±3.15)cm/s in the control group (t=1.006, P=0.158). While the end-diastolic velocity in with miscarriage in the study group was (7.06±1.33)cm/s, lower than the (9.31±1.15)cm/s in the control group (t=7.494, P<0.01). And women with miscarriage in the study group had higher resistance index (2.98±0.41) and pulse index (0.91±0.13) than the control group (1.75±0.28, 0.72±0.09), t=13.673, 6.652, both P<0.01. Conclusions Color Doppler ultrasound monitoring the uterine spiral artery blood flow indicators in patients with early threatened abortion is of great clinical significance, and plays a positive role in predicting the prognosis of patients and reasonably guiding the fetal care treatment program. Key words: Color Doppler monitoring; Early threatened abortion; Blood flow index of uterine spiral artery; Prediction; Foetus protection treatment