Comparative evaluation of the cytotoxic effect of different intracanal medicaments

ABSTRACTIntroduction: intracanal medicaments have an important role in disinfecting ofthe pulp space and in endodontic regenerative procedures. These medications comein close contact with the periradicular tissue, thus their degradation products must bebiocompatible with the periapical tissue. Otherwise, these medicaments will resultin intense inflammatory reaction. Aim of the study: The purpose of this in vitrostudy was to evaluate and compare the cytotoxicity of three intracanal medications;Neem oil, double antibiotic paste (DAP) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2).Materials and Methods: Immortalized human gingival fibroblast cells were retrievedfrom the cell bank and then cultured. Three different intracanal medications (Neemoil, DAP, Ca(OH)2) were added to the cultured cells. Cell viability was evaluatedusing 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) andApoptosis/necrosis assays. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way ANOVAand post-hoc Tukey test. Results: Ca(OH)2 recorded the highest significant cytotoxicityfollowed by Neem oil, then DAP which recorded the lowest significant cytotoxicity.Cytotoxicity of the three intracanal medicaments used were directly proportional totheir concentrations Conclusion: DAP could be better recommended as intracanalmedicament in regenerative endodontic procedures because of its biocompatibilitycompared to the other tested medications.