Radioactivity: Radon Gas, its Properties and the Risks of Increasing its Concentration

The adverse health effects of exposure to radon are caused primarily by damage due to alpha-particles. The possible effects will depend on exposure level. The main danger from high radon exposure is an increased risk of lung cancer. Radon as a noble gas is rapidly exhaled after being breathed in; however, radon progeny combine with other molecules in the air and with particles of dust, aerosols or smoke, and readily deposit in the airways of the lung. While lodging there, the progeny emit ionizing radiation in the form of alpha particles, which can damage the cells lining the airways. Experiments have confirmed that ionizing radiation affecting bronchial epithelial cells could cause cancer.