试图开发一种方法来测定波兰荷尔斯泰因-弗里西亚奶牛牛奶的典型化学成分-一项建议

P. Guliński, A. Klopotowska
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本文的目的是建立一种测定波兰荷尔斯泰因-弗里西亚(PHF)奶牛牛奶典型化学成分的方法。本文使用的数据收集自Sokołów县20个PHF奶牛群2009年至2015年的1329个测试日挤奶记录。测定了以下因素对乳汁化学成分的影响:哺乳期(15个月龄期);奶牛年龄(哺乳期1、2、3-4和5-7);基因型(PHF品种占比:小于50%、50-75%、75-82.5%和大于82.5%);1毫升牛奶中的体细胞计数(SCC)(以千为单位:0-200、200-400、400-1000和1000以上);饲喂水平(脂肪与蛋白质(F/P)比):≤1.0、1.0 ~ 1.4、1.4 ~ 1.7和>1.7);产犊季节(秋/冬、春/夏)及日产奶量(产奶量kg:≤15、15 - 25、25-35和> - 35)。营养和乳房健康状况是影响牛奶化学成分的主要因素。选取饲粮最平衡(料磷比为1.1 ~ 1.4)、体细胞数较低(SCC≤20万/ml)的奶牛,日产量是影响乳化学成分的主要因素。政府和科学出版物对PHF品种应考虑料重比、SCC和产奶量对其成分的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
An attempt to develop a method for determining the typical chemical composition of the milk of Polish Holstein-Friesian cows – a proposal
The aim of this paper is to develop a method for determining the typical chemical composition of the milk of Polish Holstein-Friesian (PHF) cows. The paper uses data collected from 1329 test-day milking records from 20 herds of PHF dairy cattle in Sokołów County, from 2009 to 2015. The effect of the following factors on the chemical composition of milk was determined: lactation stage (15 one-month stages); age of cows (lactations 1, 2, 3–4, and 5–7); genotype (share of PHF breed: less than 50%, 50–75%, 75–82.5% and more than 82.5%); somatic cell count (SCC) in 1 ml of milk (in thousands: 0–200, 200–400, 400–1000 and more than 1000); feeding level (fat to protein (F/P) ratio): ≤1.0, 1.0–1.4, 1.4–1.7 and >1.7); calving season (autumn/winter, spring/summer) and daily milk yield (milk yield in kg: ≤15, 15–25, 25–35 and >35). Nutrition and udder health status were found to be the main factors influencing the chemical composition of milk. For selected cows with optimally balanced feed rations (F/P ratio in milk from 1.1 to 1.4) and a low somatic cell count (SCC ≤200,000/ml), daily yield was the main factor affecting the chemical composition of the milk. It was also concluded that government and scientific publications on the PHF breed should take into account the impact of the F/P ratio, SCC and yield of milk on its composition.
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