5 -羟色胺介导应激样效应对非伤害性刺激的反应在药用水蛭蛭草

D. Mack, Andrew Yevugah, K. Renner, B. Burrell
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引用次数: 0

摘要

有害刺激可引起动物产生各种适应,包括对伤害性和非伤害性感觉输入的反应变化。一个例子是应激性镇痛,可能部分由内源性大麻素系统介导。然而,内源性大麻素也有促伤害作用。在本研究中,研究了电休克(一种产生急性应激的实验方法)对药用水蛭(Hirudo verbana)非伤害性机械刺激和伤害性热刺激的反应。电击刺激并没有改变水蛭对伤害性刺激的反应,但确实引起了水蛭对非伤害性刺激的敏化,其特征是反应阈值降低。这些实验是用阻断内源性大麻素递质2-花生四烯醇甘油(2-AG)或瞬时受体电位香草素(TRPV)通道合成的药物重复的,后者被认为是内源性大麻素受体。令人惊讶的是,两种治疗对电击后的反应都没有任何影响。然而,电刺激确实增加了马鞭草中枢神经系统中5-羟色胺或5HT的水平。5HT的注射模拟了电击的效果,使非伤害性刺激的反应变得敏感,而对伤害性刺激的反应没有影响。注射5HT受体拮抗剂甲基塞吉特降低了电击治疗后对非伤害性刺激的致敏作用。这些结果表明,电击增强对非伤害性刺激的反应,但不改变对伤害性刺激的反应。此外,虽然5HT似乎在这种休克诱导的致敏作用中起关键作用,但内源性大麻素系统似乎没有作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Serotonin mediates stress-like effects on responses to non-nociceptive stimuli in the medicinal leech Hirudo verbana
ABSTRACT Noxious stimuli can elicit stress in animals that produce a variety of adaptations including changes in responses to nociceptive and non-nociceptive sensory input. One example is stress-induced analgesia that may be mediated, in part, by the endocannabinoid system. However, endocannabinoids can also have pro-nociceptive effects. In this study, the effects of electroshock, one experimental approach for producing acute stress, were examined on responses to non-nociceptive mechanical stimuli and nociceptive thermal stimuli in the medicinal leech (Hirudo verbana). The electroshock stimuli did not alter the leeches’ responses to nociceptive stimuli, but did cause sensitization to non-nociceptive stimuli, characterized by a reduction in response threshold. These experiments were repeated with drugs that either blocked synthesis of the endocannabinoid transmitter 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) or transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) channel, which is known to act as an endocannabinoid receptor. Surprisingly, neither treatment had any effect on responses following electroshock. However, the electroshock stimuli reliably increased serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine or 5HT) levels in the H. verbana CNS. Injection of 5HT mimicked the effects of the electroshocks, sensitizing responses to non-nociceptive stimuli and having no effect on responses to nociceptive stimuli. Injections of the 5HT receptor antagonist methysergide reduced the sensitization effect to non-nociceptive stimuli after electroshock treatment. These results indicate that electroshocks enhance response to non-nociceptive stimuli but do not alter responses to nociceptive stimuli. Furthermore, while 5HT appears to play a critical role in this shock-induced sensitizing effect, the endocannabinoid system seems to have no effect.
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