Increasing of Phenolic Compounds by Brassinosteroid Applications in Immobilized Cell Suspension Cultures of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cinsault

In this paper, the effects on secondary metabolite accumulation of brassinosteroid (BR) (24-epibrassinolide (24-eBL) on immobilized cells that were obtained from Vitis vinifera cv. Cinsault was investigated. 24-eBL was applied to immobilized cells covered calcium alginate beads at concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.0 mg L-1 for one month. As a result of this study, it was found that 24-eBL applications modified secondary metabolite accumulation and had positive effects on secondary metabolite production if the suitable concentration was used. While the highest total phenolic, catechin, chlorogenic acid, and p-coumaric acid contents were found in immobilized cells applied 0.75 mg L-1 24-eBL, the highest epicatechin, quercetin, trans-resveratrol contents were obtained in immobilized cells applied 0.50 mg L-1 24-eBL and the highest gallic acid content was determined in immobilized cells applied 0.25 mg L-1 24-eBL. On the other hand, the highest 24-eBL concentration (1 mg L-1) had decreased the content of secondary metabolite compared to the control (0 mg L-1 24-eBL) except total phenolic and catechin content. To conclude, 0.50 and 0.75 mg L-1 24-eBL concentrations were the most suitable concentrations for immobilized cell culture to provide the highest secondary metabolite accumulation.