Risk Factors of Mortality following Road Accident in Southern Iran

Background: Traffic accidents are among the main causes of death and disability in the world.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the predictors of mortality in patients injured due to traffic accidents, in southern Iran.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1793 road accident patients referred to Imam Hassan Trauma Hospital. Data were retrospectively collected from medical records over a period of 12 months from March 2018 to February 2019. The data were analyzed using STATA software (version 16.0).Results: A total 1745 patients (97.4%) survived and 47 (2.6%) patients died. The average age of those who survived and those who died were 27.2±0.4 and 25.6± 2.2 years, respectively (p value=0.7). There was no significant relationship between gender and hospital mortality (p=0.19). According to the results, 38.8% of cases died from motorcycle accidents (p value=0.003). Suburban road accidents 2.6 (95%CI: 1.4, 4.8), Alcohol use 2.4 (95%CI:1.3, 4.3), pedestrian injuries 3.2 (95%CI:1.5, 6.8), head and neck injury 45.8 (6.3, 333.1) as well as thoracic injuries 22.6 (95%CI:6.9, 72.9), Abdominal injuries 6.2 (95%CI 3.2, 11.9), Vertebral injuries 9.3 (95%CI: 4.3, 19.9), extremity injuries 4.3 (95%CI:1.9, 9.7), abnormal of creatinine 4.1 (95%CI: 1.01, 16.4) respectively. ISS 20.32(95%CI: 4.85, 96.26), and GCS 1871.5 (95%CI: 250.6, 13975.8), were associated with hospital mortality in road accident patients. The Multivariate analysis shows that ISS≥16 and GCS score≤8, could predict the probability of death in road accident patients.Conclusion: In summary, suburban roads, alcohol use, ISS≥16, GCS≤8, head and neck injury, thoracic injury, abdominal injury, vertebral injury, extremity injury and abnormal creatinine were independently associated with hospital mortality in injured patients.