西班牙人在美洲殖民地种族化思想的根源,1400-1600

Shao-Lung Lin
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摘要

本文探讨了十六世纪西班牙征服者对待美洲原住民文化的双重标准。这项研究调查了为什么征服者谴责土著仪式是野蛮的,而他们自己却对土著实施了野蛮的行为。有人认为,这种不一致源于植根于种族中心主义的种族化世界观,这种世界观是由伊比利亚半岛上伊斯兰教的历史影响、包括天主教在内的西班牙文化以及他们与美洲原住民的接触所形成的。这种种族化的思想虽然不同于现代生物学上的种族主义,但却证明西班牙帝国主义是一项神圣的使命。通过对相关资料的研究,本文揭示了导致这种歧视心态的复杂因素,并强调了它对理解西班牙征服土著人民的成功意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Roots of Spanish Racialized Thinking in Colonial America, 1400–1600
This paper explores the double standard evident in the attitudes of sixteenth-century Spanish conquistadores towards Native American culture. The study investigates why the conquistadores condemned Native rituals as barbarous while perpetrating their own brutal acts against the Natives. It is argued that this inconsistency stemmed from a racialized worldview rooted in ethnocentrism, shaped by the historical influence of Islam on the Iberian Peninsula, Spanish culture including Catholicism, and their encounters with Native Americans. This racialized thinking, although distinct from modern biological racism, justified Spanish imperialism as a holy mission. By examining relevant sources, the paper reveals the complex factors that contributed to this discriminatory mindset and highlights its significance in understanding the success of the Spanish conquest of Indigenous peoples.
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