Enhancement of Osseointegration of the Hydroxyapatite implant by Low intensive Ultrasound wave (LIPUS) Irradiation

Aim The purpose of this study is to investigate the enhancement effect of osseointegration of low intensity ultrasound waving for reinforcement of bone- attachment of hydroxyapatite coating implant. Materials and methods In this study, hydroxyapatite specimen were prepared, two kinds of experiments ( simulation test and animal experiment ) were performed. Hydroxyapatite specimen were soaked in the simulated body fluid (SBF) as a simulation test, implanted rabbits iliac crest as in vivo test. After the irradiation of pulsed ultrasound wave for some planned time–periods, the surface of specimens were assessed and compared with non-ultrasound waving specimens ( control group ) by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscop (EDS) and X-ray diffraction.Results SEM image and EDS showed that richer layer of bone-like hydroxyapatite covered specimens surfaces in ultrasound wave irradiation group as compared with control group. The measurement of mass of specimens also indicated the efficiency of ultrasound waves for hydroxyapatite formation. These results indicated low intensity ultrasound wave might promote the nucleation and crystallization of bone-like apatite on hydroxyapatite surfaces.Conclusion This study suggested that the clinical application of ultrasound waving has a great potential for enhancement of osseointegration of hydroxyapatite dental implant through the activation of bone bonding mechanism on material surface.