以更快、更环保的方式实现货运可持续发展

H. Almujibah
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引用次数: 0

摘要

特别是在沙特阿拉伯等发展中国家,在考虑增加铁路线路时,审查货运部门的可持续发展至关重要。其目的是将货物从缓慢的运输方式(卡车)转移到更快、更环保的铁路运输方式。本文预测了运输带来的两个经济影响:与重型卡车运输相比,对高速公路路面结构的磨损减少,以及在时间、成本、基础设施容量等方面的变化。使用铁路可以防止对道路的破坏和与重型卡车有关的成本,以及事故和空气污染。考虑了各种参数,例如卡车的载荷和纵向轮胎力,道路建设中使用的材料(例如沥青)及其厚度。在本案例中,我们以950公里长的利雅得-吉达铁路线作为案例研究,确定引入货运铁路系统前后的成本和时间。这种方法可以应用于军事部门,以移动重型运输和在沙特阿拉伯各地运输矿物。在这种情况下,采用准时(JIT)或门到门(DTD)的交付服务方法,因为卡车仍然必须行驶每条铁路旅程的第一公里和/或最后几公里。它是基于一个比较模型来计算和比较公路和铁路运输的总运输成本和运输时间。因此,通过铁路运输军用车辆/货物的总成本约为11,423美元,分别是1,272美元、8,695美元和1,456美元的燃料、劳动工资和司机工资,低于公路运输的约12,634美元,分别是606美元、661美元、8,695美元和2,672美元的燃料成本、道路使用者收费/快递通行费、劳动工资和司机工资。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF FREIGHT TRANSPORT USING A FASTER AND MORE ECO-FRIENDLY MODE
Especially in developing countries such as Saudi Arabia, when considering an increase in rail lines it is vital to examine the freight sector’s sustainable development. The aim is to transfer freight from slow modes of transport (trucks) to the faster and more eco-friendly mode of rail. This paper predicts two economic impacts from the transfer: less wear on the pavement structure of the highways, and changes in terms of time, cost, infrastructure capacity, and so on, compared to shipment by heavy trucks. Using rail can prevent damage to roads and the costs relating to heavy trucks, as well as accidents and air pollution. Various parameters are considered, such as loading and the longitudinal tire forces of trucks, the materials used in the construction of roads (e.g. asphalt) and their thickness. In this case, a 950-km length of the Riyadh–Jeddah line is used as a case study, determining the cost and time taken both before and after introducing a freight rail system. This method can be applied to the military sector to move heavy haulage and to transport minerals all over Saudi Arabia. In this case, the just-in-time (JIT) or door to door (DTD) method of delivery services is adopted, as trucks still have to drive the first and/ or last few kilometers of each railway journey. It is based on a comparative model to calculate and compare total shipping costs and transport time for road and rail transport. As a result, the total cost of transporting military vehicles/freight by rail transport is about $11,423, resulting from $1,272, $8,695, and $1,456 of fuel, labor wages, and drivers’ wages, respectively, which is lower than by road transport of about $12,634, resulting from $606, $661, $8,695, and $2,672 for the fuel cost, road user charge/express tolls, labor wages, and drivers’ wage, respectively.
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