制定环境正义指标框架

Standards Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI:10.3390/standards2010008
Geoffrey R. Browne, L. Gunn, M. Davern
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引用次数: 7

摘要

环境正义(EJ)是一门广泛的学科,试图理解和纠正不健康环境条件下的不公平暴露。EJ通常是用指标来衡量的,然而EJ指标的能力和局限性对政策制定者来说很难理解。本文通过对EJ文献的探索性回顾,明确了描述EJ指标的关键术语,并为政府和社区制定当地有效的EJ指标提供了概念框架,从而发挥了研究翻译的作用。在健康的社会决定因素、指标制定和定义的背景下,探讨了诸如EJ的地位等问题。探索性文献综述强调了EJ指标在衡量EJ问题对人类健康和环境的程度和影响方面的潜力和局限性。我们发现EJ指标总是(1)由两个或更多的措施组成,(2)在与受影响的人协商的情况下迭代地发展。为了帮助政府和社区,我们提出了一个自上而下和自下而上的框架来制定EJ指标,其中自下而上的框架指导了四个不同核心要素的措施组合;环境,人口,流行病学和程序。还提供了一份基于证据的例子措施清单,这些措施来自文献,用于制定EJ指标。预计这些框架和范例措施清单将为有效制定当地相关的环境保护指标提供指导。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Framework for Developing Environmental Justice Indicators
Environmental justice (EJ) is a broad discipline that attempts to understand and redress unfair exposure to unhealthy environmental conditions. EJ is often made measurable with indicators, however the capabilities and the limitations of EJ indicators can be difficult for policy makers to understand. Using an exploratory review of EJ literature, this paper performs a research translation role by clarifying the key terms used to describe EJ indicators and by providing conceptual frameworks for developing locally valid EJ indicators for government and community. Issues such as the position of EJ in the context of the social determinants of health, indicator development, and definitions are explored. The exploratory literature review highlighted the potential and limitations of EJ indicators for measuring the extent and impact of EJ issues on human health and the environment. We found that EJ indicators are invariably (1) composed of two or more measures, and (2) developed iteratively, in consultation with those affected. To aid governments and communities, we present both a top-down and a bottom-up framework for developing EJ indicators, with the bottom-up framework guiding the combination of measures from four different core elements; environment, demography, epidemiology and procedures. A list of evidence-based example measures, from the literature, for developing EJ indicators is also provided. It is anticipated that the frameworks and list of EJ example measures will provide guidance for efficiently developing locally relevant EJ indicators.
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