用于大面积表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)传感的双曲型超材料

Melisa Ekin Gulseren, L. Domulevicz, J. Hihath, J. S. Gómez-Díaz
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摘要

典型的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)方法依赖于局部表面等离子体共振,提供显著增强的局部电场。不幸的是,这种技术在可重复性方面面临挑战,这是由于纳米结构中存在热点和表面粗糙度对场增强的强烈依赖;以及充分的激发,因为激光束必须被调谐到一个非常特定的波长,这个波长与系统的谐振频率相对应。双曲超材料(HMTMs)是一种有效介电常数随电场极化而变化的复合材料,可以有效地解决这些挑战,因为它们支持体和表面双曲模式,能够在电磁频谱的宽带部分大幅提高局部场。事实上,这些人工材料的频率响应可以通过调节系统组成材料和填充比例来控制。这项工作旨在探索hmtm增强附近分子SERS的潜力,并解决常见SERS平台面临的一些挑战。为此,我们重点研究了在波长大于~580 nm时表现出双曲色散的Au/SiO2 HMTMs堆叠。利用透射电镜和椭偏测量技术制作了一个原型,并对其进行了表征。对自组装在HMTM表面的单层联苯-4,4 ' -二硫醇(BPDT)分子和基于金的对照样品进行了功率相关的SERS测量。HMTMs提供可重复的SERS检测,低激光功率<900 μ W,集成时间<97ms(分别比对照低~30倍和~100倍),在大表面积上,表现出与复杂的TERS系统类似的性能。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Hyperbolic metamaterials for large-area Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) sensing
Typical surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) approaches rely on localized surface plasmon resonances that provide a significant enhancement of the localized electric field. Unfortunately, this technique faces challenges in terms of repeatability, which appears due to the strong dependence of the field enhancement on the surface roughness and the presence of hot-spots in nanostructures; and adequate excitation, as the laser beam must be tuned at a very specific wavelength that corresponds to the resonant frequency of the system. Hyperbolic metamaterials (HMTMs), a type of composite materials whose effective permittivity changes as a function of the electric field polarization, can effectively address these challenges because they support bulk and surface hyperbolic modes able to drastically boost the local fields over a broadband portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. In fact, the frequency response of these artificial materials can be manipulated by adjusting the system composing materials and filling ratios. This work aims to explore the potential of HMTMs to enhance the SERS of molecules located nearby and to address some of the challenges faced by common SERS platforms. To this purpose, we focus on Au/SiO2 HMTMs stacks that exhibit a hyperbolic dispersion for wavelengths larger than ~580 nm. A prototype has been fabricated and characterized using TEM and ellipsometry measurements. Power-dependent SERS measurements were obtained for a monolayer of biphenyl-4,4’-dithiol (BPDT) molecules self-assembled onto the HMTM surface and a gold-based control sample. HMTMs provide repeatable SERS detection with low laser powers <900µW and integration times <97ms (~30X and ~100X lower than control, respectively) over a large surface area, exhibiting a performance like complex TERS systems.
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