选择失业收入支持制度:发展中国家和转型国家的指导方针

IF 8.7 1区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES
Milan Vodopivec
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引用次数: 29

摘要

越来越多的证据表明,过度的就业保护减少了就业和劳动力市场流动,阻碍了技术创新,迫使工人进入非正规部门,并因剥夺了弱势群体的就业机会而伤害了他们。灵活的劳动力市场刺激了就业机会的创造、投资和增长,但也造成了就业不稳定,并使一些工人失业。如何在确保劳动力市场保持灵活性的同时,将这种不安全和流离失所的成本降至最低?每一种主要的失业收入支持制度(失业保险、失业援助、失业保险储蓄账户、遣散费和公共工程)都有其优缺点。各国的具体条件,主要是劳动力市场和其他体制、管理每种制度的能力以及非正规部门的规模,决定了哪种制度最适合发展中国家和转型期国家。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Choosing a System of Unemployment Income Support: Guidelines for Developing and Transition Countries
Mounting evidence suggests that excessive job protection reduces employment and labor market flows, hinders technological innovations, pushes workers into the informal sector, and hurts vulnerable groups by depriving them of job opportunities. Flexible labor markets stimulate job creation, investment, and growth, but they create job insecurity and displace some workers. How can the costs of such insecurity and displacements be minimized while ensuring that the labor market remains flexible? Each of the main unemployment income support systems (unemployment insurance, unemployment assistance, unemployment insurance savings accounts, severance pay, and public works) has strengths and weaknesses. Country-specific conditions, chief among them labor market and other institutions, the capacity to administer each type of system, and the size of the informal sector, determine which system is best suited to developing and transition countries.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
12.60
自引率
1.20%
发文量
8
期刊介绍: The World Bank Journals, including the Research Observer, boast the largest circulation among economics titles. The Research Observer is distributed freely to over 9,100 subscribers in non-OECD countries. Geared towards informing nonspecialist readers about research within and outside the Bank, it covers areas of economics relevant for development policy. Intended for policymakers, project officers, journalists, and educators, its surveys and overviews require only minimal background in economic analysis. Articles are not sent to referees but are assessed and approved by the Editorial Board, including distinguished economists from outside the Bank. The Observer has around 1,500 subscribers in OECD countries and nearly 10,000 subscribers in developing countries.
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