Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Potential Biomedical Applications of AgNPs Using Coriander sativum and Olea europaea

Background: Over the last few decades, metallic nanoparticles, especially silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), have gained the focus of researchers globally due to their unique properties and a broad range of applications. Aim: This research study focused on the green synthesis of AgNPs by using Coriandrum sativum, Olea europaea leaf extract, and their bovine serum albumin conjugates. Materials and Methods: Biogenic AgNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The potential biomedical applications of AgNPs and their conjugates were also evaluated through in vitro assays. AgNPs synthesis was confirmed by observing UV-visible absorption peaks at 380nm, 460nm (AgNPs derived from C.sativum and O. europaea respectively), 580nm, and 577nm (conjugates of particles from C.sativum and O. europaea respectively). Results: FTIR analysis revealed the presence of various functional groups on the surface of AgNPs. The average diameters of C. sativum and O. europaea derived AgNPs were 1025 d.nm and 134 d.nm, whereas the average size of AgNPs was 500nm, 200nm, 100nm, and 300nm with uniform morphology. Results of biomedical activity showed that AgNPs and their albumin conjugates were potential antidiabetic, anti-oxidant, and anti-hyperlipidemic with significant IC50 values compared to standard. The antimicrobial potential of AgNPs and their conjugates were tested against gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains and the best zone of inhibition of C. sativum derived conjugated AgNPs was observed against Salmonella enterica i.e. 29 mm. Conclusion: The research project provides an ecofriendly green synthesis method of AgNPs and their conjugates as well as their potential for the treatment of different diseases.