Role of Artificial Intelligence in Upper Gastrointestinal Diseases: Present and Future

There has been extensive research and progress in the medical application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology. Radiologic and endoscopic diagnosis based on image analysis has been one of the main areas of focus. In the field of Gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy, AI has been applied to gastroscopy, capsule endoscopy, and colonoscopy. There are relatively fewer studies in which AI is applied to upper GI diseases, and analysis has mainly focused on the detection of esophageal or gastric neoplasms in upper GI endoscopy. AI is also used to assess the depth of cancer invasion, detect Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, and diagnose the characteristics of subepithelial lesions. In the near future, AI is expected to expand to the field of disease treatment.