The influence of some iatrogenic factors on a cytomorphometric analysis of gingival cells and periodontal status among diabetic patients

Background: The relation between dental restorations and periodontal health are more important so the healthy periodontal status requires correction of dental restorations that is mandatory for the protection of periodontal tissues. Aims of the study: The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of some iatrogenic factors on a cytomorphometric analysis of gingival cells and periodontal status among diabetic patients. Subjects and Methods: The sample of the present study consisted of three hundred diabetic patients and they were divided into three equal groups 100 patients per group control group, composite fillings group and metal ceramic crown group. They were selected from the clinics of the college of dentistry King Khalid University. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded. The cytomorphometric changes were evaluated by the Cytological investigation (MN Apoptotic and Necrotic Test). The results were collected and analyzed by ANOVA test. Results: In the present study there were significant differences were detected in all clinical parameters in the samples of the study groups where there was an increase in (PI), (GI), and (CAL) of study groups compared to control group. In a cytomorphometric analysis of gingival cells, there was no significant increase of apoptosis and necrosis compared to control group. Conclusions: The results of a current study revealed that there were increased gingival inflammation and attachment loss in both study groups compared to the control group, but there was a significance induction of micronuclei formation in all groups.