美国的民主?

Q4 Social Sciences
M. V. Gligich-Zolotareva, K. S. Kirjuhin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

据官方消息,两百多年前,民主成为美国的主要思想。在很长一段时间里,它被认为是全世界最先进和最标准的。但现在人们越来越多地质疑美国是否真的存在民主。美国真的是一个民主国家吗?本文考察了国家民主结构的各个方面,包括理论、历史和法律,以及美国当前的政治形势。通过对美国选举立法和美国选举制度工作的分析,得出结论:一方面,美国公民的主动和被动选举权的行使没有得到保障;另一方面,关键法律和政治决策的制定并不依赖于该国公民的意见,这使我们无法将这种治理国家的方式归类为明确的民主。尤其受到批评的是2020年总统选举,其中有许多违法行为和大规模骚乱。在很大程度上,美国选举制度的这种情况可以用事实来解释,即美国开国元勋的取向并不是确保国家的民主治理。他们主张加强美国的联邦制,这反映了选举制度的复杂性和过时性。它让我们得出结论,无论是从形式上还是实际上,美国都不是一个民主国家。“寡头政治”一词最准确地描述了美国历史上发展起来的权力体系,它产生了许多政治和宪法法律后果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Democracy in America?
It is officially known that democracy in the United States of America became the main idea more than two hundred years old. For a long time, it was considered the most progressive and standard for the whole world. But now people are increasingly asking questions about whether there really is a democracy in America. Is United States is really a democratic state? This article examines various aspects of the democratic structure of the state, including theoretical, historical and legal, as well as the current political situation in the United States. Based on the analysis of the US electoral legislation and the work of the American electoral system, it is concluded that, on the one hand, the citizens of the country are not guaranteed the exercise of their active and passive electoral rights. And on the other hand, key laws and political decisions are made without relying on the opinion of the citizens of the country, which does not allow us to classify such a way of governing the country as unambiguously democratic. The presidential election-2020, with its numerous violations and mass riots, was particularly criticized. To a large extent, this situation in the American electoral system is explained by fact, that the orientation of The Founding Fathers of the United States was not to ensure democratic governance of the country. They argued for strengthen American federalism, which reflected the complexity and archaic nature of the electoral system. Its allows us to conclude that neither formallyconstitutionally, nor in fact, the United States is not a democracy. The system of power that has historically developed in the United States is most accurately described by the term “oligarchy”, which generates a number of both political and constitutional-legal consequences.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
5 weeks
期刊介绍: Perspectives on Federalism is an Open Access peer-reviewed journal, promoted by the Centre for Studies on Federalism. This initiative follows the Bibliographical Bulletin on Federalism’s success, with an average of 15000 individual visits a month. Perspectives on Federalism aims at becoming a leading journal on the subject, and an open forum for interdisciplinary debate about federalism at all levels of government: sub-national, national, and supra-national at both regional and global levels. Perspectives on Federalism is divided into three sections. Along with essays and review articles, which are common to all academic journal, it will also publish very short notes to provide information and updated comments about political, economic and legal issues in federal states, regional organizations, and international organizations at global level, whenever they are relevant to scholars of federalism. We hope scholars from around the world will contribute to this initiative, and we have provided a simple and immediate way to submit an essay, a review article or a note. Perspectives on Federalism will publish original contributions from different disciplinary viewpoints as the subject of federalism requires. Papers submitted will undergo a process of double blind review before eventually being accepted for publication.
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