火灾中盲人和视障人员疏散的特点

D. Samoshin, R. Istratov
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引用次数: 7

摘要

这项工作提出了一项调查的结果,旨在确定有关视障人士提供消防安全的关键问题)。调查表已转交全俄罗斯盲人协会,并由该协会分发给这群残疾人的劳动申请场所(电器生产厂)。根据这项调查的结果,制定了一种实地观察由盲人和视障人士组成的流动的方法。这种方法不仅考虑了路线类型(水平、倾斜或门),还考虑了人们对这条路线特征的认识水平。数据的统计处理和在此基础上确定的规律使我们能够描述流动的参数。研究发现,对视障人士出口路线的熟悉程度是影响视障人士安全的关键因素,如果熟悉的出口路线被堵塞,且残障人员数量不足,将导致疏散失败。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Characteristics of Blind and Visually Impaired People Evacuation in Case of Fire
This work presents the results of a survey aimed at identification of key issues concerning the provision of fire safety of people with visual impairments). The questionnaires were passed to All Russian Association of the Blind and distributed by them to places of labour application (plant for the production of electrical appliances) of this group of disabled people. A methodology for field observations of flows movement consisting of blind and visually impaired people has been developed based on the results of this survey. This methodology takes into account not only the type of route (horizontal, inclined or door), but also the level of people awareness about the features on this route. Statistical processing of data and the regularities identified on its basis enabled us to describe the parameters of flows movement. It was found that the familiarity with egress route is a key factor for the safety of visually impaired people: if familiar route is blocked and number of abled-body staff is insufficient, evacuation would be failed.
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