In-vitro antioxidant properties of the hydro-methanol extract of the seeds of Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activities of the hydro-methanol (2:3) extract of the seeds of Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. To evaluate the antioxidant activity, the effects of the extract on the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging effect, scavenging of hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radical scavenging potential, scavenging of nitric oxide, and antilipid peroxidation activity by biochemical methods were examined. Total phenol and flavonoid content in the extract were measured biochemically as per standard methods. Results indicated that the hydro-methanol (2:3) extract had strong scavenging activity on the DPPH radical with an IC₅₀ value 80.54 μg/mL, the hydroxyl radical with an IC₅₀ value 60.76 μg/mL, and hydrogen peroxide with an IC₅₀ value 66.10 μg/mL. The hydro-methanol (2:3) extract also showed notable inhibition of lipid peroxidation with an IC₅₀ value 61.23 μg/mL and nitric oxide with an IC₅₀ value of 81.56 μg/mL. Phytochemical study showed that the extract is rich in phenolic compounds [46.25 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dried extract] and flavonoids [231.72 μg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g dried extract]. The present study provides evidence that the hydro-methanol (2:3) extract of seeds of S. mahagoni is a potential source of natural antioxidant activities.