21世纪的病毒大流行

S. Roychoudhury, Anandan Das, P. Sengupta, S. Dutta, S. Roychoudhury, A. Kolesárová, Lukáš Hleba, P. Massányi, P. Sláma
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引用次数: 7

摘要

大流行病被认为是传染病的大规模爆发,有可能在广泛的地理区域内大幅增加发病率和死亡率,并伴有经济、社会和政治混乱。21世纪刚刚过去20年,但已经见证了一些造成深远影响的最致命的病毒大流行,其中包括严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)(2002年)、甲型流感病毒H1N1 (H1N1)亚型(2009年)、中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒(MERS-CoV)(2012年)、埃博拉病毒(2013年)和严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒-2 (SARS-CoV-2)(2019年至今)病毒可通过多种机制侵入和劫持宿主细胞的细胞机制,随后发生感染介导的免疫调节和进行性炎症,进而导致宿主细胞感染。尽管目前尚无针对大多数此类病毒的有效商业疫苗,但针对SARS-CoV-2的疫苗正在以前所未有的速度开发,只有少数疫苗已获批准进行商业分销,需要在政策上给予高度重视,以限制此类大流行病的爆发,并扩大和维持投资,以建立防范和卫生能力©2021所有保留权利
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
VIRAL PANDEMICS OF TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY
Pandemics are regarded as large-scale outbreaks of infectious disease that has the potential to significantly increase morbidity and mortality over a wide geographical area, which is accompanied by economic, social and political disruption The likelihood of pandemic, especially caused by viral infectious diseases has increased over the past few years The 21st century is just two decades old but it has already witnessed some of the deadliest viral pandemics having far-reaching consequences These include Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) (2002), Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 (H1N1) (2009), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) (2012) and Ebola virus (2013) and the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) (2019-present) The viruses may adopt various mechanisms to invade and hijack the cellular machinery of the host cell, followed by infection-mediated immunomodulation and progressive inflammation, which in turn, may affect the functioning of different organ systems of the body Although effective commercial vaccines are unavailable for most of these viruses, those against SARS-CoV-2 are being developed at an unprecedented speed with few of the vaccines already being approved for commercial distribution Significant policy attention is required to limit the outbreak of such pandemics and to expand and sustain investment to build preparedness and health capacity © 2021 All Rights Reserved
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