反对w -连锁组氨酸三核苷酸结合蛋白(HINTW)在鸟类性别决定中的作用的遗传证据。

C. Smith, K. Roeszler, A. Sinclair
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引用次数: 49

摘要

鸟类具有ZZ/ZW性染色体系统,但性别决定的机制尚不清楚。异配子性别为雌性(ZW),一种假说认为W染色体携带显性卵巢决定基因。W染色体上最强的候选卵巢决定因子是HINTW,它编码一种异常的核苷酸水解酶。HINTW在所有的飞禽中都是保守的,它在雌性鸡胚胎的性腺和其他组织中强烈表达。这一发现和其他间接证据支持HINTW是鸟类雌性决定基因的说法。然而,体内功能获得或功能丧失的研究迄今为止还没有报道来验证这一假设。我们使用RCASBP禽逆转录病毒载体,通过在遗传雄性(ZZ)胚胎中错误表达HINTW来测试其潜在作用。在整个胚胎中,包括泌尿生殖系统,通过全株原位杂交进行了强烈而广泛的表达。这种表达模式与正常ZW雌性相似,在正常ZW雌性中,HINTW广泛表达。在遗传雄性(ZZ)胚胎的整个生殖腺中观察到强烈的错误表达。然而,尽管HINTW表达强烈,但ZZ生殖腺作为双侧睾丸发育正常。在转基因HINTW的ZZ型泌尿生殖系统组织切片中,观察到正常的睾丸组织结构。过表达HINTW的雌性(ZW)性腺发育正常,卵巢结构正常,左右不对称。这些结果为反对HINTW在鸟类性别决定中的主导作用提供了遗传证据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Genetic evidence against a role for W-linked histidine triad nucleotide binding protein (HINTW) in avian sex determination.
Birds have a ZZ/ZW sex chromosome system, but the mechanism of sex determination remains unknown. The heterogametic sex is female (ZW) and one hypothesis holds that the W chromosome carries a dominant-acting ovary-determining gene. The strongest candidate ovary-determinant on the W chromosome is HINTW, which encodes an aberrant nucleotide hydrolase enzyme. HINTW is conserved amongst all carinate (flying) birds and it is strongly expressed in the gonads and other tissues of female chicken embryos. This and other lines of circumstantial evidence support the proposal that HINTW is the female-determining gene in birds. However, in vivo gain-of-function or loss-of-function studies have not hitherto been reported to test this hypothesis. We tested the potential role of HINTW by mis-expressing it in genetically male (ZZ) embryos, using the RCASBP avian retroviral vector. Strong, widespread expression was delivered throughout the embryo, including the urogenital system, as assessed by whole mount in situ hybridisation. This expression pattern mimicked that seen in normal ZW females, in which HINTW is widely expressed. Strong mis-expression was observed throughout the gonads of genetic male (ZZ) embryos. However, despite strong HINTW expression, ZZ gonads developed normally as bilateral testes. In tissue sections of ZZ urogenital systems transgenic for HINTW, normal testicular histology was observed. Female (ZW) gonads over-expressing HINTW also developed normally, with normal ovarian structure and left/right asymmetry. These results provide genetic evidence against a dominant role for HINTW in avian sex determination.
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