CONSISTENT PATTERNS IN FORMATION OF YIELD AND YIELD INCREASE OF COMMON MILLET IN THE CENTRAL ZONE OF THE ORENBURG CIS-URAL REGION

The productivity of millet per area unit is determined by three components of yield structure. The increase of yield is created by additive effect of differences in these components in the compared varieties. The aim of the study was to identify patterns in yield dispersion and yield increase dispersion of common millet grain. The research was carried out in Orenburg region of the Russian Federation. The materials of the research were long series of observations in the breeding nurseries of common millet of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Center of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The relation was analyzed using the multiple linear regression method. Multivariate analysis revealed that the role of indexes in determination of dispersion of yield increase differs significantly from the role of yield structure elements in specification of the spread of yield values. Thus, if the share of the influence of the panicle grain content on dispersion of the yield of millet grain is 67.5% of cases, then the share of the influence of the index of this selectable trait on variation in yield increase is 49.4% of cases. At the same time, the share of other indexes increases (from 17.9% to 28.0% - an increase of the index of the number of productive stems and from 5.6% to 11.6% - an increase of the mass index of 1000 grains). For practical millet breeding, selection numbers with better panicle grain content and high agro-ecological stability of crop formation in thickened crops are of great interest.