印度喜马拉雅山脉营地甲型肝炎的共同来源爆发

Mangalesh Sridhar, Inam Danish Khan, R. Jain, Rahul Pandey, Sachin Srivastava, Anuradha Makkar, S. Pathania, K. Tandel, Mks Parihar, M. Brijwal, Ranjan Kumar, S. Bhalla
{"title":"印度喜马拉雅山脉营地甲型肝炎的共同来源爆发","authors":"Mangalesh Sridhar, Inam Danish Khan, R. Jain, Rahul Pandey, Sachin Srivastava, Anuradha Makkar, S. Pathania, K. Tandel, Mks Parihar, M. Brijwal, Ranjan Kumar, S. Bhalla","doi":"10.5812/jamm.116257","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hepatitis A is an emerging public health problem worldwide, with alerts issued in developed countries, although it remains under-reported, under-diagnosed, and under-investigated in the developing world. Prolonged epidemics can occur due to person-to-person transmission. The ongoing outbreak of hepatitis A reported in the United States is one of its largest-ever outbreaks of the disease. A public health emergency for hepatitis A was declared in Florida, with over 2000 cases across several regions of The United States, in the year 2019. Methods: The outbreak investigation was carried out on 30 travelers in an Indian Himalayan mountain camp. Clinical features were correlated with laboratory parameters for establishing diagnosis by standard case definition. Line listing and epidemic curve were plotted to corroborate outbreak variables. Clinicodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and outbreak variables were descriptively analyzed. Results: Most of the 30 patients with hepatitis A were young male patients within the age range of 20 - 30 years. The most common clinical features among the case-patients were anorexia and vomiting. The epidemic curve revealed a peak of 15 case-patients from June 22 to July 5, 2019. Liver function tests showed mild derangement in all the case-patients. All the patients required hospitalization, with a mean duration of hospital stay reported as 11.86 ± 2.53 days. All the patients fully recovered with no fatalities. Conclusions: Hepatitis A outbreaks can occur through the consumption of untreated mountain stream/river water due to upstream contamination with human/animal excrements. Strengthening surveillance systems, traveler education, vaccination, and intersectoral coordination for safe water supply remains a necessary public health measure.","PeriodicalId":15058,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Common-Source Outbreak of Hepatitis A in an Indian Himalayan Mountain Camp\",\"authors\":\"Mangalesh Sridhar, Inam Danish Khan, R. Jain, Rahul Pandey, Sachin Srivastava, Anuradha Makkar, S. Pathania, K. Tandel, Mks Parihar, M. Brijwal, Ranjan Kumar, S. Bhalla\",\"doi\":\"10.5812/jamm.116257\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Background: Hepatitis A is an emerging public health problem worldwide, with alerts issued in developed countries, although it remains under-reported, under-diagnosed, and under-investigated in the developing world. Prolonged epidemics can occur due to person-to-person transmission. The ongoing outbreak of hepatitis A reported in the United States is one of its largest-ever outbreaks of the disease. A public health emergency for hepatitis A was declared in Florida, with over 2000 cases across several regions of The United States, in the year 2019. Methods: The outbreak investigation was carried out on 30 travelers in an Indian Himalayan mountain camp. Clinical features were correlated with laboratory parameters for establishing diagnosis by standard case definition. Line listing and epidemic curve were plotted to corroborate outbreak variables. Clinicodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and outbreak variables were descriptively analyzed. Results: Most of the 30 patients with hepatitis A were young male patients within the age range of 20 - 30 years. The most common clinical features among the case-patients were anorexia and vomiting. The epidemic curve revealed a peak of 15 case-patients from June 22 to July 5, 2019. Liver function tests showed mild derangement in all the case-patients. All the patients required hospitalization, with a mean duration of hospital stay reported as 11.86 ± 2.53 days. All the patients fully recovered with no fatalities. Conclusions: Hepatitis A outbreaks can occur through the consumption of untreated mountain stream/river water due to upstream contamination with human/animal excrements. Strengthening surveillance systems, traveler education, vaccination, and intersectoral coordination for safe water supply remains a necessary public health measure.\",\"PeriodicalId\":15058,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine\",\"volume\":\"58 1\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2021-09-14\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.5812/jamm.116257\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Archives in Military Medicine","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5812/jamm.116257","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:甲型肝炎是世界范围内新出现的公共卫生问题,发达国家已发出警报,但在发展中国家仍未得到充分报告、诊断和调查。由于人与人之间的传播,可能会发生长期的流行病。据报道,美国正在爆发的甲型肝炎疫情是该疾病有史以来最大的疫情之一。2019年,佛罗里达州宣布甲型肝炎突发公共卫生事件,美国几个地区有2000多例病例。方法:对喜马拉雅印度营地30名旅行者进行疫情调查。临床特征与实验室参数相关,以建立标准病例定义的诊断。绘制直线列表和流行曲线以证实爆发变量。对临床人口学、临床、实验室和疫情变量进行描述性分析。结果:30例甲型肝炎患者以20 ~ 30岁的年轻男性患者居多。病例中最常见的临床特征是厌食和呕吐。疫情曲线显示,2019年6月22日至7月5日为15例的高峰。所有病例肝功能检查均显示轻度紊乱。所有患者均需住院治疗,平均住院时间为11.86±2.53天。所有患者均完全康复,无死亡病例。结论:由于上游被人/动物粪便污染,饮用未经处理的山溪/河水可发生甲型肝炎暴发。加强监测系统、旅行者教育、疫苗接种和安全供水的部门间协调仍然是一项必要的公共卫生措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Common-Source Outbreak of Hepatitis A in an Indian Himalayan Mountain Camp
Background: Hepatitis A is an emerging public health problem worldwide, with alerts issued in developed countries, although it remains under-reported, under-diagnosed, and under-investigated in the developing world. Prolonged epidemics can occur due to person-to-person transmission. The ongoing outbreak of hepatitis A reported in the United States is one of its largest-ever outbreaks of the disease. A public health emergency for hepatitis A was declared in Florida, with over 2000 cases across several regions of The United States, in the year 2019. Methods: The outbreak investigation was carried out on 30 travelers in an Indian Himalayan mountain camp. Clinical features were correlated with laboratory parameters for establishing diagnosis by standard case definition. Line listing and epidemic curve were plotted to corroborate outbreak variables. Clinicodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and outbreak variables were descriptively analyzed. Results: Most of the 30 patients with hepatitis A were young male patients within the age range of 20 - 30 years. The most common clinical features among the case-patients were anorexia and vomiting. The epidemic curve revealed a peak of 15 case-patients from June 22 to July 5, 2019. Liver function tests showed mild derangement in all the case-patients. All the patients required hospitalization, with a mean duration of hospital stay reported as 11.86 ± 2.53 days. All the patients fully recovered with no fatalities. Conclusions: Hepatitis A outbreaks can occur through the consumption of untreated mountain stream/river water due to upstream contamination with human/animal excrements. Strengthening surveillance systems, traveler education, vaccination, and intersectoral coordination for safe water supply remains a necessary public health measure.
求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信