Unsaturated transport properties of water molecules and ions in graphene oxide / hydrated calcium silicate nanochannels: from basic principles to complex environmental performance effects

The problems of traditional concrete such as brittleness, poor toughness and short service life of concrete engineering under acid rain or marine environment need to be solved urgently. Hydrated calcium silicate (C-S-H) is a key component to improve the mechanical properties and durability of concrete. However, the traditional method of concrete material design based on empirical models or comparative tests has become a bottleneck restricting the sustainable development of concrete. The synthesis method, molecular structure and properties of C-S-H were systematically described in this paper; The interface structure and interaction of graphene oxide / calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H / GO) were discussed. On this basis, the saturated and unsaturated transport characteristics of ions and water molecules in C-S-H / GO nanochannels under the environment of ocean and acid rain were introduced. The contents of this review provide the basis for improving the multi-scale transmission theory and microstructure design of concrete. It has important guiding significance for analyzing and improving the service life of concrete in complex environment.