Crónica sobre la cirugía en Antioquia. Segunda entrega

Based on three thesis papers with their respective authors and dates, we take a panoramic look at the surgical developments in Antioquia and its capital, Medellin, at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. We recall the names of the leading surgeons, the most frequent surgical interventions, asepsis and antisepsis practices, anesthesia with chloroform, surgical instruments and dressings, resuscitation with brandy and caffeine, criticisms regarding certain surgeries, and the successes and failures in surgical matters. In addition, we explore the lessons learned and statistical data.