Detection of Efflux Pump Using Ethidium Bromide-Agar Cartwheel Method in Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolates

adeC, were amplified by PCR. Finally, the presence of the AdeABC efflux pump was investigated using the agar ethidium-bromide cartwheel method (AEBCM). Results: According to the antibiogram test, all isolates were MDR. In the presence of efflux pump inhibitor, a reduced resistance for tetracycline was observed, but not for ciprofloxacin. The AdeABC efflux pump genes were detected in all isolates. An increase in the AdeABC pump activity in four isolates was confirmed using AEBCM. Conclusion: AEBCM, a fast and convenient tool for assessing the ethidium bromide secretion in various bacteria, provides a quick diagnosis and treatment of multidrug-resistant bacteria.