岩石塑性特性对井筒稳定性的影响

E. Grishko, A. Garavand, A. Cheremisin
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引用次数: 1

摘要

目前,建立用于分析井筒稳定性的地质力学模型的标准方法只考虑弹性变形。这种方法在穿过具有明显塑性特性的岩石的井的设计和钻井中显示出不一致性。这类岩石的特点是,当作用在其上的载荷发生变化时,它们不仅表现出弹性变形,而且表现出塑性(不可逆)变形。塑性变形在定性和定量上对近井带岩石的应力分布有额外的影响。由于在标准方法中没有考虑塑性变形,因此在这种情况下,井筒稳定性分析的结果是基于错误计算的岩石应力。因此,它可能导致分析模型的错误解释、轨迹的次优选择、安全泥浆窗口的错误计算以及减少不稳定风险的一组错误选择措施。这项工作的目的是证明与石油地质力学中使用的标准弹性方法相比,开发的三维弹塑性程序在计算井眼稳定性方面的优势。该工作的核心是根据岩心试验数据初始化弹塑性模型以及随后的实验和数值加载曲线验证过程。开发的3D程序基于改进的Drucker-Prager模型,并在有限元公式中实现。井筒稳定性的三维地质力学模型可以描述近井筒区域的变形过程,并包括开发的破坏准则。本文提出了一种考虑岩石塑性特性的基于测井资料和岩心试验确定泥浆窗口的特殊方法。本研究的一个重要成果是在考虑岩石破坏塑性准则的情况下确定扩大泥浆窗的可能性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Influence of Rock Plastic Behavior on the Wellbore Stability
Currently, the standard approach to building a geomechanical model for analyzing wellbore stability involves taking into account only elastic deformations. This approach has shown its inconsistency in the design and drilling of wells passing through rocks with pronounced plastic properties. Such rocks are characterized by the fact that when the loads acting on them change, they demonstrate not only elastic, but also plastic (irreversible) deformations. Plastic deformations have an additional impact on the distribution of stresses in the rock of the near-wellbore zone on a qualitative and quantitative level. Since plastic deformations are not taken into account in the standard approach, in this case the results of the wellbore stability analysis are based on incorrectly calculated stresses acting in the rock. As a result, it can lead to misinterpretation of the model for analysis, suboptimal choice of trajectory, incorrect calculation of safe mud window and an incorrectly selected set of measures to reduce the risks of instability. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the advantages of the developed 3D elasto-plastic program for calculating the wellbore stability in comparison with the standard elastic method used in petroleum geomechanics. The central core of the work is the process of initialization of the elasto-plastic model according to the data of core tests and the subsequent validation of experimental and numerical loading curves. The developed 3D program is based on a modified Drucker-Prager model and implemented in a finite element formulation. 3D geomechanical model of wellbore stability allows describing deformation processes in the near-wellbore zone and includes the developed failure criteria. The paper shows a special approach to the determination of the mud window based on well logging data and core tests by taking into account the plastic behavior of rocks. An important result of this study is the determination of the possibility of expanding the mud window when taking into account the plastic criterion of rock failure.
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