19世纪30年代至60年代智利从西班牙独立后农村地区的女性农业企业家和性别不平等1

IF 0.3 4区 历史学 Q2 HISTORY
M. Llorca-Jaña, Juan Navarrete-Montalvo, J. Nazer, Roberto Araya-Valenzuela
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引用次数: 2

摘要

我们首次对智利独立后最初几十年的性别收入和土地不平等进行了估计,当时智利是一个以农业为主的社会。我们使用了一个新的资料来源:拉丁美洲共和国有史以来第一次农业人口普查的记录。我们发现,男性土地所有者的数量是女性的六倍多,男性土地所有者的收入占农业总收入的87%(在那些为灾难买单的人中)。从积极的方面来看,我们发现女性土地所有权比智利历史学家先前假设的更为普遍,尽管相对而言有所下降。我们还确定了主要的精英女性农业企业家,发现这一时期最大的土地所有者之一是一位女性,她在史学中被忽视了。我们记录了她的经济活动,以及许多其他杰出的农业女企业家的经济活动,从而表明妇女参与重要的创业活动的时间比以前承认的要早,从殖民时期就开始了。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Women Agrarian Entrepreneurs And Gender Inequality In The Chilean Rural Sector After Independence From Spain, 1830s-1860s1
We provide the first estimates of gender income and land inequality in Chile during the first decades after independence, when Chile was a predominantly agrarian society. We have used a new source: the records of the first agricultural censuses ever made for any Latin American republic. We found that there were over six times more male landowners than women, and that male owners gathered up to 87% of total agricultural income (of those paying the catastro ). On the positive side, we found that female landownership was more widespread than has previously been assumed by Chilean historians, although it was declining in relative terms. We have also identified the main elite women agrarian entrepreneurs, finding that one of the biggest landowners of this period was a woman, who has been ignored in the historiography. We have documented her economic activities, as well as those of many other prominent women agricultural entrepreneurs, thus showing that women’s involvement in crucial entrepreneurship activities started earlier than previously been acknowledged, from colonial times.
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