苏联和现代俄罗斯对抗发展流行病法律规制的比较研究:形成个人社会有益行为法律模式的经验

T. Suranova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这项工作的目的是比较研究苏联和俄罗斯联邦在防治流行病发展方面对公共关系进行法律规制的经验,并结合个人对社会有益的行为模式的法律制定加以考虑。人们发现,苏联在流行病威胁条件下个人对社会有益的行为模式是在70年代至80年代形成的。包括传统的守法和积极的组成部分:第一个是基于人们对特定疾病传播焦点事件中规范的固定行动规则的了解,第二个是与公众参与直接实施反流行病措施有关。报告指出,目前的俄罗斯立法没有为形成个人对社会有益的行为的法律模式创造充分的法律先决条件,并指出了导致这种情况的情况。得出的结论是,为了为形成个人对社会有益的传统守法行为模式创造法律先决条件,有必要将其固有的限制和禁止规定在危险疾病流行威胁下的公民和组织活动的统一联邦行为规则中,并规定俄罗斯联邦各州有权批准这些规则。应用程序。个人社会积极行为的法律模式的形成,需要借鉴苏联的广泛经验,界定法律形式和公众参与预防工作的允许程度,而对有益行为的激励,则需要在劳动、社会保障、教育等关系领域形成法律保障的分支体系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Comparative research of the legal regulation of counteraction to development epidemics (pandemics) in the USSR and modern Russia: the experience of forming a legal model of socially useful behavior of the individual
The aim of the work is a comparative research of the experience of legal regulation of public relations in the field of counteracting the development of epidemics (pandemics) in the USSR and the Russian Federation, considered in the context of the legal formulation of a model of socially useful behavior of an individual. It was found that the model of socially useful behavior of an individual in conditions of the threat of epidemics in the USSR was normatively formed by the 70s-80s. and included the traditional law-abiding and active components: the first was based on the population's knowledge of the normatively fixed rules of action in the event of foci of the spread of specific diseases, and the second was associated with the involvement of the public in the direct implementation of anti-epidemic measures. It is revealed that the current Russian legislation does not create sufficient legal prerequisites for the formation of a legal model of socially useful behavior of an individual, the circumstances that led to such a situation are indicated. The conclusion is formulated that in order to create legal prerequisites for the formation of a traditional law-abiding model of socially useful behavior of an individual, it is necessary to accumulate its inherent restrictions and prohibitions in the uniform federal Rules of conduct for citizens and activities of organizations under the threat of epidemics of dangerous diseases with the provision of the states of the Russian Federation with the right to authorize them. application. The formation of a legal model of socially active behavior of an individual requires the definition of legal forms and the permissible degree of public participation in preventive work by analogy with the extensive Soviet experience, while the incentives for useful behavior should be a ramified system of legal guarantees in the field of labor, social security, educational, etc. relationship.
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