Korelasi Indeks Massa Tubuh dan Kadar Albumin dengan Konversi Sputum Pasien Tuberkulosis

Abstrak Tuberkulosis (TB) masih menjadi masalah utama kesehatan di Indonesia termasuk di Propinsi Sumatera Utara. Telah dilaporkan efikasi yang baik dari pengobatan TB di berbagai daerah, keberhasilan pengobatan TB dipengaruhi oleh banyak factor termasuk status nutrisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan adanya hubungan indeks massa tubuh dan albumin dengan konversi sputum pasien tuberculosis, khususnya pasien tuberculosis paru positif kuman Basil Tahan Asam. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di dua Pusat Kesehatan Masyarakat di Kota Medan antara bulan Oktober dan Nopember 2018. Seluruh subjek penelitian sejumlah 39 pasien TB dengan positif kuman Basil Tahan Asam ikut serta. Subjek penelitian menerima pengobatan TB sesuai panduan. Indeks masa tubuh, albumin, dan sputum diukur dengan menggunakan stature meter dan timbangan digital. Proporsi subjek penelitian di bawah normal, normal dan di atas normal adalah 13 (33.3%), 21 (53.9%) and 5 (12.8%), berturut-turut. Kadar albumin termasuk kadar normal ditemukan pada 25 subjek penelitian (64.1%), dan selebihnya termasuk kategori rendah. Indeks massa tubuh normal berhubungan bermakna dengan peningkatan kadar albumin ( p <0.05). setelah dua bulan pemantuan terlihat konversi sputum berhubungan bermakna dengan nilai indeks massa tubuh yang normal dan atau kadar albumin yang normal ( p <0.05). Simpulan yang didapat adalah status nutrisi adalah faktor penting dalam pengobatan TB. Kata kunci : albumin, Indonesia, indeks massa tubuh, konversi sputum, tuberculosis Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major public issue in Indonesia including in North Sumatra province. Despite reported good efficacy of TB treatment in the region, the success of treatment depends on many factors including nutritional status. This study aims to determine the relationship between Body Mass Index and Albumin level with sputum conversion in AFB-positive pulmonary TB patients.The study was done in two primary health centres in Medan between October and November 2018. A total of 39 newly diagnosed TB patients with confirmed AFB-positve were included in the study.Participants received TB treatment according to the national guidelines. Body mass index, albumin, and sputum were measured using a stature meter and a digital scale.The proportion of participants with below normal, normal and above normal BMI status were 13 (33.3%), 21 (53.9%) and 5 (12.8%), respectively. Level of albumin was determined as normal in 25 participants (64.1%), and the remaining as low. Normal BMI status was significantly associated with increased albumin level ( p <0.05). At 2 months follow-up, the sputum conversion was observed in 24 individuals (61.5%), and the conversion was significantly associated with normal BMI and/or normal albumin level ( p <0.05). We concluded that nutritional status is an important factor in the success of TB treatment . Keywords: albumin, body mass index, sputum conversion, tuberculosis, Indonesia