巴西的应用地球物理学和国家石油工业的发展(1930 - 1960)

IF 1 1区历史学 Q1 HISTORY

History and Technology Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI:10.1080/07341512.2020.1765618

D. Peyerl, Silvia Fernanda de Mendonça Figueirôa

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引用次数: 2

摘要

从19世纪末开始，巴西政府成立了几个涉及石油勘探的公共机构:圣保罗地理和地质委员会(CGG, 1886年)、巴西地质和矿物学调查局(SGMB, 1907年)、国家石油委员会(CNP, 1938年)和国有石油公司巴西国家石油公司(Petrobras, 1953年)。本文详细介绍了20世纪上半叶巴西地球物理勘探的历史及其在将巴西转变为主要石油生产国中的作用，强调了外国专家的参与和进口技术的作用。它着重于巴西和美国在应用地球物理技术审查巴西领土寻找石油方面的密切关系，同时揭示这种技术科学交流的商业和政治层面。

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Applied geophysics in Brazil and the development of a national oil industry (1930 - 1960)

ABSTRACT From the late nineteenth century onwards the Brazilian state founded several public institutions involved in oil exploration: the Geographical and Geological Commission of São Paulo (CGG, 1886), the Geological and Mineralogical Survey of Brazil (SGMB, 1907), the National Oil Council (CNP, 1938), and the state-run oil company Petrobras (1953). This article details the history of geophysical exploration in Brazil over the first half of the twentieth century and its role in transforming the country into a major oil producer, stressing the involvement of foreign experts and the role of imported technology. It focuses on the close relationship between Brazil and the United States in applying geophysics techniques to scrutinize Brazilian territory in the search for oil while unveiling the commercial and political dimensions of such technoscientific exchanges.

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来源期刊

History and Technology HISTORY-

CiteScore

1.60

自引率

16.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： History and Technology serves as an international forum for research on technology in history. A guiding premise is that technology—as knowledge, practice, and material resource—has been a key site for constituting the human experience. In the modern era, it becomes central to our understanding of the making and transformation of societies and cultures, on a local or transnational scale. The journal welcomes historical contributions on any aspect of technology but encourages research that addresses this wider frame through commensurate analytic and critical approaches.