Individual and Spiritual Factors Contributing to the Social and Mental Health Problems of Adolescents in Malaysia

The rise of social issues among adolescents from time to time proves that the level of mental health among adolescents is alarming. Various factors should give serious attention to curb this issue from spreading. This study was conducted to explore the extent of individual and spiritual factors that cause social and mental health problems among adolescents. It uses a qualitative study approach through a case study strategy. Through interviews with respondents in an individual counseling session, this study involves the purposive sampling method aimed at eleven adolescents aged 16 to 20 years who are undergoing rehabilitation. The data obtained from the interviews were analyzed thematically using the Atlas.ti application. Data analysis enabled the identification of underlying themes that further contributed to the main themes for this study. Results show three main themes identified for individual factors: low self-esteem, social interest, and personality formation. Meanwhile, for spiritual factors, two elements were successfully formed: belief and confidence and the motivation to worship. This study provides vital information and implications that may guide the stakeholders to create various models, modules, and interventions to treat and prevent adolescents from engaging in social problems that affect their mental health.