Comparative study of the endemic freshwater fauna of Lake Baikal—V. Phospholipid and fatty acid composition of the deep-water amphipod crustacean Acanthogammarus (Brachyuropus) grewingkii

Lipid and phospholipid compositions of an endemic deep-water freshwater gammarid, belonging to the subphylum Crustacea, Acanthogammarus grewingkii was studied. Content of alkenylacyl, alkylacyl and diacyl forms in the main phospholipid classes (phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatydilcholine) were established using reaction micro-thin-layer chromatography. The fatty acids compositions of total lipids, neutral, glyco- and phospholipid fractions were investigated by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Seventy-nine fatty acids were identified: 26 saturated (iso-, anteiso- and cyclo-), 26 monoenoic, 7 dienoic, 14 trienoic and 16 tetra-, penta- and hexaenoic. A number of demospongic fatty acids, such as 5,9–25:2, 5,9,19–26:3, 5,9,17–26:3, 5,9,23–28:3 and 5,9,21–28:3 acids, were found.