施氮、磷肥对埃塞俄比亚吉马地区菜豆产量及产量构成的影响

A.M.D. Negash, S. Tulu, E. Getachew
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引用次数: 8

摘要

豆角豆是埃塞俄比亚新引进的豆科作物之一,是保障粮食安全和铸造货币的重要作物。由于土壤中结瘤细菌较少,土壤肥力较低,对施用无机肥尤其是氮、磷的反应较好。然而,关于吉马豆角生产包装的信息很少,因此,关于豆角对无机肥料(氮和磷肥料)的反应的证据有限,无机肥料可以提高产量和质量。认识到这一事实,在埃塞俄比亚西南部的Jimma进行了氮肥和磷肥施用量对豆荚产量和产量组成的影响试验。试验采用2个因素,5个水平N(0、41、82、123和164 kg/ha)和4个水平P(0、46、92和138 kg/ha), 5 × 4随机完全区组设计,3个重复。氮肥作为尿素分次施用(播期50%,开花期50%),全量磷作为三倍超磷酸盐在播期施用。氮磷肥施用量对各产量及产量构成变量的主效应差异显著(P≤0.05)。在所有变量中,根长受施氮量和磷肥量的交互作用显著。结果表明,施用123 kg/ hm2氮肥和92 kg/ hm2 P2O5时,豆荚产量最高。氮磷肥用量为0时,可售豆荚产量最低。因此,在本试验中,施用123 kg/ hm2氮肥和92 kg/ hm2 P2O5可提高吉马菜豆的可销荚果产量。因为,实验是在一个地点和季节进行的。因此,在更多的季节和类似的地点重复实验将有助于我们向最终用户提出合理的结结性建议。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Yield and Yield Components of Snap Bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as affected by N and P Fertilizer Rates at Jimma, Southwestern Ethiopia
Snap bean is one of the newly introduced legume crops in Ethiopia and it is an important crop in the provision of food security and earing forging currency. It responds much better to the application inorganic fertilizer especially N and P fertilizers due to lack of nodule forming bacteria in the soil and low in building of fertile soil. However, information concerning the production package of snap bean at Jimma was scares and due to this there is limited evidence in the response of snap bean to inorganic fertilizers (N and P fertilizers) which can increase yield and quality. Cognizant to this fact, the experiment was conducted to realize the effect N and P fertilizers rates on yield and yield components of snap bean at Jimma, Southwestern Ethiopia. The experiment consisted of two factors, five levels of N (0, 41, 82, 123, and 164 kg/ha) and four levels of P (0, 46, 92 and 138 kg/ha) arranged 5 × 4 in randomized complete block design with three replications. N as urea was applied in split application (50% at sowing and 50% at flowering) whereas the full dose of P was applied at sowing as triple super phosphate. There was a significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) for main effects of N and P fertilizer rates for all yield and yield component variables. Out of the whole variables tap root length were significant by the interaction effects of N and P fertilizers rate. The result showed that the maximum marketable pod yield was obtained from 123 kg/ha N and 92 kg/ha P2O5 fertilizer application rates. While, the minimum marketable pod yield was recorded from the application of 0 N and P fertilizer rate. So, form this experiment application of 123 kg/ha N and 92 kg/ha P2O5 increased the marketable pod yield of snap bean at Jimma. Since, the experiment was conducted in a single location and season. So, repeating the experiment for more seasons and similar location would help us draw sound conclusive recommendations to the end users.
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