An anatomical study of the bicipital aponeurosis in embalmed and fresh frozen cadavers

Objectives: The bicipital aponeurosis is a fascial expansion which arises from the distal tendon of biceps brachii muscle. It is an important structure for protecting the median nerve and brachial artery. The aim of this study was to analyze the morphometry and shape of the bicipital aponeurosis and its implications for the protection of the median nerve and brachial artery. Methods: Upper extremities of two fresh frozen and seven embalmed cadavers (five right, four left sides) were dissected. The ages of the cadavers varied between 60–86 years. The central length, superior width, central width, inferior width and the shape of bicipital aponeurosis were evaluated. All measurements were performed by using digital caliper. Results: The central length of the bicipital aponeurosis was measured 3.6±1.2 cm. The superior, central and inferior width of the bicipital aponeurosis were found 1.5±0.7 cm, 1.5±0.6 cm and 1.8±0.8 cm, respectively. Through the examination of upper extremities; two different shapes of bicipital aponeurosis were observed. In type I; the bicipital aponeurosis was fusiform in shape and observed in four upper extremities. In five extremities, it was found as quadrangular in shape and classified as type II. Conclusion: The morphometry and shape of bicipital aponeurosis have a clinical importance to protect the median nerve and brachial artery or to reduce compression of these neurovascular structures. A better understanding of bicipital aponeurosis morphometry is important in assessment of biomechanical properties of biceps brachii.