贸易便利化、数字化转型与全球贸易平台的出现

J. Winn
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引用次数: 0

摘要

2017年生效的《世界贸易组织贸易便利化协定》鼓励将贸易流程从纸质形式转向电子形式,并实现贸易管理系统的现代化。目前在贸易便利化方面取得进展的基础是世界海关组织和其他标准制定机构几十年来为促进在贸易过程中使用标准而进行的工作所奠定的。贸易便利化的努力是在更广泛的推动商业数字化转型的背景下进行的,平台作为一种商业模式和网络治理机制的重要性日益增加。有一种风险是,国内和全球市场内部出现的集体行动问题,将把全球市场新兴的数字架构分裂成许多独立的“国家单一窗口”系统。平台的成功在于发现了如何在不同的利益相关者群体之间组织交叉补贴。如果出现一个全球贸易平台运营商,这可能会减轻新兴全球贸易架构碎片化的风险,但也会带来不同的风险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Trade Facilitation, Digital Transformation and the Emergence of Global Trade Platforms
The World Trade Organization Trade Facilitation Agreement that entered into force in 2017 encourages the migration of trade processes from paper to electronic form and the modernisation of trade management systems. The foundations for current progress in trade facilitation were laid during decades of work by the World Customs Organization and other standard setting bodies to promote the use of standards in trade processes. Trade facilitation efforts are taking place within a broader push toward the digital transformation of business generally, and the growing importance of platforms as a business model and network governance mechanism. There is a risk that collective action problems arising within domestic and global markets will fragment the emerging digital architecture of global markets into many separate “national single window” systems. Platforms succeed by discovering how to organize cross-subsidies among different groups of stakeholders. If a global trade platform operator were to emerge, that might mitigate the risk of fragmentation of the emerging global trade architecture but give rise to different risks.
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