长寿命冷阴极的研制

N. Bykov, V. Gubanov, A. Gunin, S. Korovin, O. Kutenkov, V. F. Landl, S. Polevin, V. Rostov, G. Mesyats, F. Zagulov
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引用次数: 16

摘要

本文介绍了用于正弦型重复大电流加速器的冷阴极的实验研究结果。该加速器的加速电压为100-1000 keV,电子束电流为1-10 kA,脉冲持续时间为10-40 ns,脉冲重复率高达200 pps。研究了平面型和同轴型磁绝缘真空二极管阴极的发射特性。为了在同轴二极管中产生大电流电子束,使用了超导螺线管产生的强度高达30 kOe的强磁场。实验中研究了由铜、钢、不锈钢、青铜、石墨和碳-石墨布等不同材料制成的各种几何形状的爆炸发射冷阴极,以及金属-介电阴极,这取决于它们在介电表面上的不完全放电。在平面真空二极管中,金属介电阴极的寿命最长;超过10/sup / shots。当加速电压为600 kV,脉冲持续时间为20 ns,脉冲重复率为200 pps时,阴极在阳极处提供20-25 A/cm/sup 2/的电流密度。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Development of long-lifetime cold cathodes
The paper presents the results of an experimental study of the cold cathodes used in the Sinus-type repetitive high-current accelerators. The accelerating voltage for this accelerator is on a level of 100-1000 keV, the electron beam current is 1-10 kA, the pulse duration is 10-40 ns, and the pulse repetition rate is up to 200 pps. The emissive properties of the cathodes were investigated for both planar and coaxial magnetically insulated vacuum diodes. To produce high-current electron beams in coaxial diodes, a strong magnetic field of strength up to 30 kOe created by a superconducting solenoid was used. Investigated in the experiment were explosive-emission cold cathodes of varied geometry made of various materials such as copper, steel, stainless steel, bronze, graphite, and carbon-graphite cloth as well as metal-dielectric cathodes depending for their operation on an incomplete electrical discharge over the dielectric surface. The longest lifetime has been attained for a metal-dielectric cathode in a planar vacuum diode; it is over 10/sup 8/ shots. The cathode provided the current density at the anode 20-25 A/cm/sup 2/ for the accelerating voltage 600 kV, pulse duration 20 ns, and pulse repetition rate up to 200 pps.
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