Phytochemical characterization and biological activities of butanolic extract of aerial parts of Tetraclinis articulata from Algeria

Tetraclinis articulata is a forest plant species that is widely used in North African folk medicine due to its immense bioactive potential. The objective of the present study was to characterize flavonoids present in butanolic extract of aerial part of T. articulata (TABE) and to test its antibacterial synergistic effect, anticoagulant and antioxidant properties. The analysis of the TABE by colorimetric tests and TLC revealed the presence of flavonoids. The dosage showed that the proportions of total flavonoids and flavonols were 19.25 ± 0.07 and 13.6 ± 1.6 mg QE/g DW, respectively. Besides, the greatest antibacterial activity of the extract was shown against S. aureus. In contrast no effect was observed against E. coli. Furthermore, the most synergistic potential inhibitory effect was noted in the case of E. coli, when the extract was combined with penicillin. In addition, the MICs was determined used microdilution method, the values obtained were ranged from 2.5 to 20 mg/ml. Moreover, the in vitro anticoagulant activity was assessed by PT and KCT tests. The results showed interesting anticoagulant activity, with KCT value of 55.4 s which is superior to that obtained by the anticoagulant drug –Lovenox- (39.37s). The antioxidant activity was evaluated in vitro using DPPH• method. The result expressed in terms of IC50 was found to be 0.04 mg/ml. To conclude, the TABE constitutes a valuable source of anticoagulant, antioxidant and antibacterial synergism metabolites, which makes it a potential candidate to isolate responsible flavonoids and to develop novel pharmaceutical formulations.