Nutrigenomics and Nutrigenetics Importance in the Food Science

Nutrigenomics is a relatively new discipline, but it has huge potential for the prevention and treatment of certain types of diseases. The presented review enables scientists and medical professionals to get useful information about the nutrigenomics role in the prevention of diseases related to nutrition and lifestyle. The study aims at analyzing, systematizing and generalizing scientific data on the nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics role in the food systems technology development. The manuscript describes the search results for scientific articles and regulatory documents in the electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, eLibrary.ru, consisting of trends in the nutrigenomics development as an interdisciplinary science. When conducting the research, a man uses methods of analysis, systematization and generalization. The thesis presents definitions of the main terms used in nutrigenomics; demonstrates nutrigenomics development trends in the prevention of various diseases; reflects new directions focusing on the interaction of nutrition and genes for a comprehensive study of the overall nutrients or diet impact on human health. The researchers revealed the nutrigenomics role in the prevention of carbohydrate metabolism disorders, mental disorders, and in the development of personalized nutrition; systematized the data on research methods used in nutrigenomics, conducted a review of various aspects of nutrigenomic research, omix technologies, and nutraceuticals. Nutrigenomic research contributes to the foods development that benefit and improve human health by revealing the molecular mechanisms in the nutrients impact on human metabolism.