雨果·格劳秀斯的国家和教会权威

Jan Rohls
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摘要

法学家和神学家雨果·格劳秀斯被认为是荷兰人文主义的代表人物,这种人文主义是由鹿特丹的伊拉斯谟发起的,并随着阿民念主义而得到延续。阿民念派和严格的加尔文派之间的冲突,抗议派和反抗议派之间的冲突,一方面,肯定是关于宿命论的冲突。但另一方面,这也是一场冲突,与当局应该解决它有关。问题是要知道这个决定是属于政治当局还是属于教会的宗教当局。但是,同样重要的是确定权力应以何种忏悔基础为基础,以解决这一分歧。就决策者而言,格劳秀斯在抗议者和反抗议者之间争论的一开始就回答了所有这些问题,并在他的论文《天主教教规》(Ordinum Hollandiae Ac westfriisiae Pietas)中揭示了他的观点。关于忏悔基础的权威,他已经在他的第一篇神学论文Meletius(1611)中勾勒出了他的立场轮廓。我将把我的研究局限于这两个文件及其与问题的关系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Autorité de l’État et de l’Église chez Hugo Grotius
The jurist and theologian Hugo Grotius is rightly considered as a representative of the Dutch humanism initiated by Erasmus from Rotterdam which has been prolonged with Arminianism. The conflict between Arminians and rigorous Calvinists, between remonstrants and counter-remonstrants was certainly, on the one hand, a conflict that bore on the doctrine of predestination. But it was also, on the other hand, a conflict related to the authorities supposed to settle it. There was the question of knowing whether this decision belonged to the political authorities or the religious authorities of the Church. But it equally imported to determine on which confessional basis authority should be grounded in order to settle the difference. Insofar as the decision-makers were concerned Grotius answered all those questions at the very beginning of the dispute between remonstrants and counter-remonstrants, exposing his point of view in his treatise Ordinum Hollandiae Ac Westfrisiae Pietas. Regarding the authority of confessional bases, he had already sketched the outlines of his position in his first theological treatise Meletius (1611). I will limit my study to these two documents and their relationship to the problems.
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