Comparative Review Study on Different Carbon Capture Methods and Applications in Steelmaking Plant from Economical Point of View

One of the emerging areas in combatting environmental issue like global warming is carbon capture and storage (CCS) entices a solution by not limiting output of any operation. Carbon capture storage refers to the process of capturing or gathering carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere from various activities and injecting the captured gas underground (aquifer). CCS can be divided into 3 main stages namely capturing, transportation and storage. The carbon dioxide will be captured from a source, being transported and sequestrated underground. In this paper, the main area discussed is the capturing process and application in steelmaking industry from economical point of view. Carbon capture is an expensive process which creates an indecisiveness among different parties to actually put the process in practice. However, this expensive process is not properly quantified which is the main motivation of this study to contribute to the cost quantification of carbon capture. Carbon capture is mainly divided to several methods namely membrane separation, oxyfuel combustion, absorption, adsorption, chemical looping combustion, calcium looping and cryogenic method. Despite of having many capturing methods available, there was no vivid or clear application at a large commercial or industrial scale of several methods which rendered them mooted for comparison's sake. Technologies that have gone beyond technological readiness level (TRL) 4 shall be considered since the relevancy of the comparison can benefit parties planning to spearhead or undertake CCS.