About Argument and Discussion.

Strictly logical argument can be confrontational and destructive, but for the discussions needed in science classrooms each student contributes rational inputs in a collaborative manner, always trying to see what the other person means. Differences of opinion, especially when social and ethical issues are involved, can be weighed up and often resolved, if each student carefully explains the reasons for their opinion. Such discussions are very valuable to learning, and may be useful when experts give different opinions about a contentious topical matter. Examples are given from students' discussions about social issues.