综述文章:早产儿的皮肤状况和皮肤护理

Yuri Widia, B. Rosdiana
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:大多数新生儿皮肤护理建议关注健康的足月婴儿。与成熟婴儿相比,37周出生的早产儿的皮肤更容易受到损伤、经皮失水(TEWL)和经皮中毒。对于早产儿的皮肤护理尚无既定的指导方针。需要对这一主题进行讨论和回顾。目的:回顾有关早产儿皮肤状况和皮肤护理的文献。回顾:由于角质层直到妊娠晚期才完全成熟,早产儿皮肤的屏障功能明显受损。早产儿皮肤发育不成熟,屏障功能受损,其特征是TEWL高,化学物质吸收增加,感染风险增加。早产儿皮肤的一些特殊问题是控制水分流失,避免机械损伤,适当的消毒以控制感染,意识到经皮药物毒性,适当的沐浴和脐带护理,以及适当的皮肤问题管理。结论:早产儿皮肤发育不成熟,易受伤害。早产儿的皮肤护理需要特别注意。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Review Article: Skin Condition and Skin Care in Premature Infants
Background: The majority of newborn skin care recommendations focus on concerns for healthy, full-term infants. Compared to mature infants, the skin of premature infants, those who are born at the gestational age of 37 weeks, is more vulnerable to injury, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and transepidermal intoxication. There are no established guidelines for premature infant skin care. Discussion and review regarding this topic are needed. Purpose: To review the literature on skin conditions and skin care in premature infants. Review: The barrier function of premature skin is significantly compromised because the stratum corneum does not fully mature until late in the third trimester. Premature infants have immature skin with impaired barrier function characterized by high TEWL, increased absorption of chemicals, and increased risk of infection. Some particular issues in premature infant skin are controlling TEWL, avoiding mechanical damage, proper sterilization to control infection, awareness of percutaneous drug toxicity, appropriate bathing and umbilical cord care, and appropriate management of skin problems. Conclusion: Premature infant skin is more vulnerable due to immature development. Skin care for premature infants requires careful attention.
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