Identification and insight into a long transitory phase in random-access protocols

In this work we show that random-access protocols, which are used in a range of networks (e.g. WiFi, power line communications and Internet of Things), may experience a high-throughput, extremely long (of the order of hours) transitory phase. This behaviour is not highlighted by common analysis techniques and experimental evaluations, which can lead to incorrect prediction of network performance. We identify factors that led to this transitory behaviour being overlooked in previous work. Via numerical analysis and experimental evaluation, we establish under which conditions this transitory phase occurs. Additionally, we give insight into the duration of this transitory period and its statistical properties.