让海洋发挥作用:1930-1970年美国和苏联的潮汐能

IF 1 1区历史学 Q1 HISTORY

History and Technology Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI:10.1080/07341512.2022.2038982

F. Frey

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引用次数: 0

摘要

将潮起潮落的运动转化为电能的愿望有着漫长而曲折的历史。在Passamaquoddy湾(缅因州/新不伦瑞克省)和苏联摩尔曼斯克地区建立潮汐发电厂的建议出现于20世纪20年代，并一直讨论到60年代。考虑到潮汐能必须与煤炭、石油和传统水力发电等现有能源竞争，关于这两个潮汐能项目的讨论持续了很长时间，令人惊讶。他们的支持者利用能源独立、经济进步和国际合作等问题来保持这项技术的竞争优势。然而，长达十年的谈判并没有促成大型潮汐发电厂的建设。这项技术在地理上的不迁移性(工厂需要建在涨潮与合适的海岸线相吻合的地方)和对经济合理性的怀疑阻碍了美国和苏联的潮汐梦想。

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Putting oceans to work: tidal energy in the USA and the USSR, 1930–1970

ABSTRACT Aspirations to convert the movement of ebb and flow into electricity have a long and checkered history. Proposals for tidal power plants at Passamaquoddy Bay (Maine/New Brunswick) and in the Soviet Murmansk region emerged in the 1920s and were discussed well into the 1960s. Considering that tidal power had to compete with established energy sources like coal, oil, and conventional hydropower, the longevity of discussions about the two tidal power projects is surprising. Their proponents tapped into questions of energy independence, economic progress, and international cooperation to keep the technology in the race. However, the decade-long negotiations did not result in the construction of major tidal power plants. The technology’s geographical immobility (the plants needed to be constructed where high tides coincided with a suitable coastline) and doubts about economic rationality halted tidal dreams both in the USA and in the USSR.

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来源期刊

History and Technology HISTORY-

CiteScore

1.60

自引率

16.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： History and Technology serves as an international forum for research on technology in history. A guiding premise is that technology—as knowledge, practice, and material resource—has been a key site for constituting the human experience. In the modern era, it becomes central to our understanding of the making and transformation of societies and cultures, on a local or transnational scale. The journal welcomes historical contributions on any aspect of technology but encourages research that addresses this wider frame through commensurate analytic and critical approaches.