体细胞模式:在肿瘤靶向治疗中大有作为

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

New Genetics and Society Pub Date : 2020-07-28 DOI:10.1080/14636778.2020.1799345

Ivana Bogicevic, K. Rohrberg, E. Høgdall, M. Svendsen

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引用次数: 7

摘要

这篇文章探讨了在实验性癌症治疗中使用遗传信息所带来的伦理挑战。在丹麦的医疗保健中，目前关于更广泛地使用遗传信息的伦理辩论高度集中在遗传信息的遗传上。这一重点符合国际生物伦理文献和评估癌症遗传风险的既定做法。借鉴波尔斯(2003)。“加强权利还是改善医疗?”两种行善模式在精神卫生保健中的干扰健康与疾病社会学，25(4):320-347。Doi:10.1111/1467-9566.00349)行善模式的概念，我们表明这已经导致了对遗传信息的伦理挑战的一定理解-我们称之为种系模式的理解。我们认为，生殖系模式忽略了医疗保健专业人员面临的关键困境，他们使用遗传信息直接针对患者的体细胞突变进行治疗，即仅在肿瘤中发生的DNA改变。在这篇文章中，我们发展了体细胞模式的概念，并探讨了当遗传信息发生体细胞转变时出现的伦理挑战。

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The somatic mode: doing good in targeted cancer therapy

This article explores the ethical challenges following the use of genetic information in experimental cancer treatment. In Danish healthcare, current ethical debates on the wider use of genetic information are highly focused on the heredity of genetic information. This focus accords with the international bioethical literature and the established practices of assessing inherited risks for cancer. Drawing on Pols’ (2003. “Enforcing Rights or Improving Care? The Interference of two Modes of Doing Good in Mental Health Care.” Sociology of Health & Illness 25 (4): 320–347. doi:10.1111/1467-9566.00349) concept of modes of doing good, we show that this has led to a certain understanding of the ethical challenges regarding genetic information – an understanding we term the germline mode. We argue that the germline mode overlooks crucial dilemmas facing healthcare professionals who use genetic information to target treatment directly at patients’ somatic mutations, i.e. alterations in the DNA occurring only in the tumor. In this article, we develop the concept of the somatic mode and explore the ethical challenges that emerge when genetic information takes a somatic turn.

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来源期刊

New Genetics and Society 生物-生物工程与应用微生物

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

16.70%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： New Genetics and Society: Critical Studies of Contemporary Biosciences is a world-leading journal which: -Provides a focus for interdisciplinary and multi-disciplinary, leading-edge social science research on the new genetics and related biosciences; -Publishes theoretical and empirical contributions reflecting its multi-faceted development; -Provides an international platform for critical reflection and debate; -Is an invaluable research resource for the many related professions, including health, medicine and the law, wishing to keep abreast of fast changing developments in contemporary biosciences. New Genetics and Society publishes papers on the social aspects of the new genetics (widely defined), including gene editing, genomics, proteomics, epigenetics and systems biology; and the rapidly developing biosciences such as biomedical and reproductive therapies and technologies, xenotransplantation, stem cell research and neuroscience. Our focus is on developing a better understanding of the social, legal, ethical and policy aspects, including their local and global management and organisation.