软质冬小麦防根腐的化学防护研究

N. V. Kuzmenko, S. Avramenko, О. M. Hlubokyi
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摘要

本文介绍了乌克兰东部森林草原软质冬小麦种子播前配施化学杀菌剂防治根腐病的效果及其对粮食产量影响的研究结果。研究结果表明:春分蘖期,无施肥和保护的对照变异株的根腐发育程度为Helminthosporium (b polarso - rokshoemaker)和fusar(fusarl)为10.1%,流行率为22.6%。在研究年份的气象和植物检疫条件下,播前种子处理使春分蘖期根系腐烂发育强度从3.9% (Vitavax 200 FF标准)降低到0.1% (Lamardor Pro标准)。农药的技术效率为69.7%;风景优美——77.4%;文森特·福特- 77.9%;Lamardor 400和Lamardor Pro -在78.3- 78.8%的水平;与未受精对照相比,Vitavax 200 FF标准- 50.0%。在稻谷生面团期,农药无效。未施肥对照产量为6.64 t/ hm2,施肥对照产量为7.37 t/ hm2,增产10%。化肥和播前种子处理的联合作用显著提高了籽粒产量,从0.78吨/公顷(Vitavax 200 FF)增加到1.15吨/公顷(Scenik),增幅为11.7 - 17.3%。使用Vincit Forte、Insure Perform、Lamardor 400、Lamardor Pro和Scenic进行种子拌种,相对净利润分别为795、687、763、139和857 UAH/ha。Lamardor 400、Insure Perform和Vincit Forte的利润率最高,分别为119%、93%和78%。关键词:软质冬小麦,根系腐烂,系统除种器,技术效果,产量
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Chemical protection of soft winter wheat against root rots
We are given research results of the effectiveness of pre-sowing treatment of soft winter wheat seeds with combined chemical fungicides against root rot and its influence on grain yield in the eastern Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. The research results shown that development degree of root rots as Helminthosporium (Bіpolarіs so-rokіnіana Shoemaker) and Fusarіum (Fusarіum Lіnk.) in control variant without fertilizers and protection at the spring tillering stage was 10.1 % with a prevalence of 22.6 %. In meteorological and phytosanitary con-ditions of research years, the intensity of root rots development in the spring tillering stage was reduced with pre-sowing seed treatment from 3.9 (Vitavax 200 FF standard) to 0.1% (Lamardor Pro). The technical effi-ciency of the pesticides was for Insure Perform - 69.7 %; Scenic - 77.4 %; Vincit Forte - 77.9 %; Lamardor 400 and Lamardor Pro - at the level of 78.3-78.8 %; Vitavax 200 FF standard - 50.0%, compared to the un-fertilized control. In the grain dough stage, pesticides were ineffective. Grain yield in unfertilized control was 6.64 t/ha, and in the fertilized control - 7.37 t/ha, which is 10 % more. The combined action of fertilizers and pre-sowing seed treatment significantly increased grain yield gain - from 0.78 (Vitavax 200 FF) to 1.15 t/ha (Scenik), or by 11.7–17.3 %. Seed dressing with Vincit Forte, Insure Perform, Lamardor 400, Lamardor Pro and Scenic resulted to obtain the relatively net profit of 795, 687, 763, 139 and 857 UAH/ha, respectively. Lamardor 400, Insure Perform and Vincit Forte provided the highest profitability of 119 %, 93 % and 78 %, respectively. Keywords: soft winter wheat, root rots, systemic seed dresser, technical effectiveness, yield.
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