Relationship between sub-surface and surface subsidence —a theoretical model

This paper proposes a theoretical model which relates the sub-surface subsidence at any horizon to the subsidence at the surface caused by underground mining. Mathematical equations are derived based on certain assumptions that would enable the prediction of sub-surface subsidence from surface subsidence. The inclination of the extracted seam is taken into account in the analysis. The relationships derived between sub-surface and surface subsidence are applied to actual data from both sub-surface and surface subsidence available from three collieries, using the measurements from boreholes drilled from the surface. The comparative study indicates good agreement between the theoretical model and in situ measurements.