Feasibility Study of the Soil Remediation Technologies in the Natural Environment

Today’s world is dependent on industrialization and without it the economic development of a country can hardly be considered. Therefore the rapid increase of industries around the world has upgraded the human life. But this industrialization has some impact of environment causing pollution. Industrial waste disposal, use of excessive fertilizer and other natural and human activities causes soil pollution, which is burning question nowadays. To protect environment and human beings from the bad effect of soil contamination is a great issue. This article focused on several remediation techniques for the removal of contaminants (hydrocarbons like- petroleum and fuel residues, heavy metals, pesticides, volatiles or semi-volatiles) from soil in situ and ex situ and their properties and applications. In this research it is tried to uncover the real scenario of the soil remediation technology. This remediation technology are classified as- physical, chemical, biological, thermal, and combined. For the selection of most suitable technique various factors are needed to be considered. Besides that, the research has discussed the advantages and drawbacks of each remediation techniques. It was observed that the efficiency of any single remediation technique is not well enough for the complete removal of all contaminants from soil whereas combination of remediation techniques brings better efficiency for soil purification.