Power loss minimization and voltage profile improvement of radial and mesh distribution network using sine cosine optimization based DG allocation

Due to the increasing population and emerging technologies, energy requirements are increasing progressively. Distributed generation (DG) is an excellent option to handle the increased power demand. A well optimized DG can help to reduce power losses, CO2 emission and improve voltage profiles. This paper uses sine cosine algorithm to find the optimal location and best size ofDG with power loss minimization as its objective function. It presents the comparison of power loss reduction and voltage profile enhancement due to allocation of DGoperating at 0.85, 0.95 power factor lag andthe optimal power factor that has been obtained by sine cosineoptimization. IEEE 15, 69 bus radial and 33, 69 bus weakly meshed systems with five tie lines are used for power loss analysis. Annual energy saving due to allocating DG with different power factors have been analyzed. All the results are simulated in MATLAB 2021a.